Off-centre composition - placing your subject with purpose
One of the fastest ways to improve your composition is also one of the simplest: don’t put your subject dead center.
Placing your subject off-centre makes your photo feel more intentional, more balanced (ironically!), and more engaging. It creates movement and invites viewers to explore the frame. Whether you're shooting portraits, landscapes, or still life, off-centre composition is a go-to strategy for stronger smartphone photos.
The main visual anchor or subject in the centre of the frame can be static. It leaves the viewer unsure of where to go next to explore the rest of the photo, or worse, they scroll on past!
What is off-centre composition?
It means placing your subject somewhere other than the middle of the frame. Often, this follows the rule of thirds: divide your frame into a 3x3 grid, and place your subject on one of the intersecting points.
This makes the image more dynamic and adds a sense of direction or tension.
Why it works
Creates movement: The eye naturally follows empty space.
Balances the frame: The subject plus the negative space creates visual harmony.
Tells a story: You can include more background or environment.
Draws attention: Viewers are more likely to pause and engage.
How to compose off-centre on a smartphone
Turn on your grid
Use the 3x3 grid lines (grid or gridlines in your phone) to help place your subject on a line or within one of the off-center boxes.Leave space for movement
If your subject is facing or moving in a direction, leave space in front of them (active space).Use background details
Let context fill the rest of the frame.Check balance
Use light, color, or shapes to balance the off-centre subject.
When to use it
Portraits with environmental context
Street photography with action or motion
Landscapes with a tree, building, or person
Still life with leading lines or shadows
When not to use it
Sometimes, centered composition is stronger - especially for symmetrical or formal images. Use your judgment and trust your eye.
Did you know?
The rule of thirds originated from 18th-century art theory and was adapted to photography early on. While it’s not a hard rule, it offers a simple framework to break the habit of always centering your subject.
Common mistakes
Leaving too much space with no purpose
Misplacing the subject so it feels accidental
Forgetting to balance the image with other visual elements
Off-centre works best when the composition feels thoughtful.
Related techniques
Symmetry (the opposite approach)
Negative space
Leading lines
Conclusion
Off-centre composition adds energy, structure, and story to your photos. It encourages better framing and helps you see the entire scene, not just the subject.
📘 It’s one of many foundational techniques covered in my book Stronger Photo Composition 4-Step System -your complete guide to composing with confidence.
